Internal-combustion engine



May .19, 1925; 1,538,594

J. ROMEYN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Nov. 19, 192

Ira/Van far:

Z1171, Z M

Patented May 19, 1925.

1,538,594 UNITED STATES PATENT or -p JEAN nonarn, or Baossnxs, BELGIUM.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed November 19,1923. Serial No. 675,758.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JEAN. ROMEYN, a citizen of the Kingdom of Netherlands, and resident. of Brussels, Belgium, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to InternalCon1bustion Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked therein, which form a part of this specification. V

In internal combustion engines provided with air injection devices, it is important to regulate the pressure of injection air in accordance with the load or speed of the engine.

also been proposed to assure an eflicient and automatic regulation of the air pressure, but they are all of a rather complicated nature.

The present invention relates to an improved regulator, in which the object before referred to is obtained by eflicient and very simple means.

According to the invention, a springloaded valve is fitted to a part of the air piping containing preferably high pressure air,and the air in excess of that required to obtain the most suitable pressure escapes through the said valve. The tension of the spring is varied by means of mechanism which is actuated from a centrifugal speedgovernor or from speed controlling hand gear and which preferably comprises a servo-motor in which any suitable force,

as for example the pressure of the lubri-.

eating oil, is used. In one form of the servomotor, a piston receives on one side the pressure of the fluid and is subjected on the other side to the reaction exerted by the spring of the relief valve, and there are provided a distributing sleeve which is connected to the piston and a distributing valve which is slidably fitted into the said sleeve and actuated from the speed governor or speed controlling device.

In order that the present invention may be better understood, one embodiment thereof, by way of example, is represented in vertical section in the accompanying drawing.

mis the relief valve body fitted to the In many cases this regulation is effected by hand. Several regulators have piping 6 containing high pressure injection air. d is the relief valve and 0 is a dischage' plpe leading away the air escaplng past the 1 said valve. The valve dis loaded by a spring 6 which exerts its reaction upon the upper face of a piston f slidably fittedin a cylinder 9. On the side of the cylinder geis provided a projection or cylinder which is bored parallel to the bore of the first cylinder to receive a sleeve 72. which is connected to the piston f so that it moves up and down with the piston. WVhen the sleeve h is in place, two annular chambers i and j are formed around itsexternal wall, the chamber '5 communicating through a port] with the space beneath the piston f, where: as the chamber j communicates with a pipe 70. The sleeve hhas a row of ports m which are in a plane perpendicular" to the axis of the sleeve 7i and remain within the chamber z in all positions of the piston f and the sleeve 71 f e I I Around the sleeve h is a second row of ports a which always remain within the chamber j. A valve 0 is slidably fitted in the sleeve 72. and is so shaped that it is in. contact with the sleeve only at its ends so that an annular chamber or pocket 8 is formed between the said valve and the sleevewh'.

The valve 0 is connected bya rod 19 to a lever g keyed on a shaft r, which is turned through a certain angle by the centrifugal speed governor or by the speed regulating hand gear. I p

Assuming that the different parts are in position shown in the drawings, if a fluid under pressure enters the chamber 7' through the pipe Z3 it can pass into the chamber 8 through the ports n but cannot go any further. Supposing now that the shafts? turn so as to slightly raise the valve 0, the fluid can then enter chamber 2' through the ports at and from there it can pass into the cylinder 9 beneath the piston f. If thetpressure of the fluid is high enough in all cases to compress the spring 0 when acting upon the:

Whole surface of the pistonf, the latter will move upwards and will lift the sleeve it until the ports m will again reach the position shown inrespect to the valve 0. Then the flow of the fluid from the pipe K: into will stop. I

Supposing now that the valve 0 is moved downwards, then the fluid in the pipe Z: cannot pass beyond the pocket- 8 and the the cylinder will cease and the piston f.

fluid contained in the cylinder 9 is allowed to escape into the atmosphere through ports Z and m, and consequently the piston f will be pressed downwards by the spring 6 and will carry with it the sleeve h until the ports we again reach the position shown in respect to the valve 0.

Briefly, when the valve 0 is moved in a given direction, the piston f is caused to follow immediately the movement of the said valve and consequently it varies the tension of the spring a. As the'shaft r is connected to the speed governor or speed controlling hand gear, it can be seen that when this connection is suitably designed, the governor will cause the tension of the spring to be varied so as to obtain in the pipe I) the required pressure at all speeds.

The fluid used for the servo-motor will preferably be a liquid, which is more suitable than a gas, the elasticity of which would cause difficulties. In engines which have forced lubrication it will be sufiici-ent to connect the pipe to the lubricating oil piping.

The, invention, whether with a servomotor or not, can also be applied to a piping 6 containing air which has not yet been compressed to the definite pressure. For instance, if the compressor used is a three stage compressor, the piping b can be con nected to theidelivery side of the low pressure stage or of the mean pressure stage, since a variation o'f'the high pressure air is obtained when varying the pressure of the low pressure air or ofthe mean pres sure air.

Vhat I claim is:

1. An injection air pressure regulator for internal combustion engines, comprising a relief valve in the compressed air line; a lnading spring acting on said valve to hold it on its seat; an abutment for said spring; means for supplying motive fluid unden pressure to act on said abutment in opposition to the action of the loading spring; and a distributing device for controlling the fluid supply, embodying a distributing sleeve connected to move in unison with the abutment the spring, a regulating shaft, and a distributing valve movable within and relatively to said sleeve and operatively connected with said shaft.

2. An injection air pressure regulator for internal combustion engines, comprising a relief valve in the compressed air line; a

loading spring acting on said valve tohold it on its seat; an abutment for said spring; means for supplying motive fluid under pressure to act on said abutment in opposi tionto the action of the loading spring; and a distributing device for controlling the fluid supply, embodying a distributing sleeve connected to move in unison with the abutment of the spring, a regulating shaft,

and adistributing valve movable within and relatively to said sleeve and operatively con nected with said' shaft, the distributing valve and sleeve having coacting ports for the fluid which are brought into and out of communication during such movements.

3. An injection air pressure regulator for internal combustion engines, comprising a relief valve in the compressed air line; a loading spring acting on said valve to hold it on its seat; a piston against which said spring abuts; a cylinder wherein the piston is mo'vably fitted; means for supplying motive fluid under pressure to said cylinder to oppose the reaction of said spring; and a distributing device for controlling the fluid supply, embodying a distributing sleeve connected to move in unison with the piston, a regulating shaft, and a distributing valve movable within and relatively to said sleeve and operatively connected with said shaft.

4. An injection air pressure regulator for internal combustion engines, comprising a relief valve in the compressed air line; a loading spring acting on said valve to hold it on its seat; a piston against which said spring abuts; a cylinder wherein the piston is movably fitted; means for supplyin motive fluid under pressure to said cylin'c er to oppose the reactionof said spring; and a distributing device'for controlling the fluid supply, embodyinga distributing sleeve connected'to move in unison with the piston, a regulating shaft, and a distributing valve movable within and relatively to said sleeve and operatively connected with said shaft, the distributing valve and sleeve having c0- acting ports for the fluid, which are brought into and out of communication during such movements.

5, An injection air pressure regulator for internal combustion engines, "comprising a relief valve in the compressed air line; a loading spring acting on saidvalve to hold it on its seat; a'piston against which said spring abuts; a cylinder wherein the piston ismovabl fitted; a cylinder at the side of and paral elwith the first cylinder and in port communication with the same below the piston; means for supplying motive fluid under pressure to the second cylinder for passage therethrough and through said port to the first cylinder to act on'said piston in opposition to said spring; and a de vice for controlling the passage of the fluid. embodying a distributing sleeve connected to move in unison withthe'piston, a regulating shaft, and a distributing valve movable within and relativelyto said sleeve and operatively connectedwith said shaft.

6. An injection air pressure regulator for internal combustion engines, comprising a relief valve in the-compressed air line; a loading spring acting on said valve to hold it on its seat; a piston against which said spring abuts; a cylinder wherein the piston is movably fitted; a cylinder adjacent to the first one and having a source of motive fluid under pressure connected to it and an outlet port for delivering the fluid to act on the piston in opposition to the loading spring, the second-named cylinder having upper and lower annular chambers, from one of which said outlet port leads; and a device for controlling the passage of the fluid through said second cylinder and its outlet port, embodying a distributing sleeve slidably projecting through said chambers and connected to move in unison with the piston, a regulating shaft,

and a distributing valve movable within and relatively to said sleeve and operatively connected with said shaft; the distributing sleeve having upper and lower chambers, respectively, and the distributing valv having an annular pocket which communicates alternatively with the upper and lower sleeve ports.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JEAN ROMEYN. Witnesses:

MARIE DEFRIKKE, LEONARD LEVA. 

